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How many RCD tests, and whyHow many RCD tests, and why?

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As a counting question: four tests for half-times and one-times — the two tests Guidance Note 3 recommends (Table 2.18(a) · p.96).

Why four and not two

Half times (½ I∆n)   -> should not trip   -> tested at 0° and 180°  = 2 tests
One times (I∆n)      -> should trip         -> tested at 0° and 180°  = 2 tests
                                                           ----------
                                                            4 tests

Add the optional five times test and it becomes 6.
An auto RCD test cycles the whole lot for you.
Both directions of the sine wave. 0° and 180° are the two halves of the waveform. The device has to behave the same on both, so each test is done twice.

Dedicated RCD testers do exist — around £130 — and will do ramp tests, individual tests and phase selection. A multifunction tester does the same job alongside everything else.

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