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Definitions worth knowingCan air count as insulation?

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Like BS 7671, this book has a definitions section, and the exam draws on it.

TermMeaning
Accessible metal partAny metal part that can be touched by a test finger, or reached by a probe, that is electrically connected to the equipment's metal parts. This is where your test probe goes
Basic insulationThe single layer between you and a live part — the plastic casing, the insulation on a conductor. It can even be air
Basic protectionProtection against shock under fault-free conditions — enclosures, covers, sleeving, busbar guards
Fault protectionProtection against shock under a single fault, such as basic insulation failing
Exposed conductive partMetalwork that can become live under fault conditions
Double insulationBasic plus supplementary insulation
Basic insulation can be air. Around a heating element you may have nothing but an air gap doing the job. It's a genuine insulator — along with plastic, wood, glass, rubber and ceramic.

Polarity

Polarity is simply line and neutral being in the right terminals. Get them swapped and you have reverse polarity.

✋Polarity is checked as part of the inspection, and you'll meet it repeatedly in inspection and testing.

Section 2 · definitions

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